BENDA HIDUP DAN BENDA BUKAN HIDUP

ALAM KITA ADA BANYAK BENDA

ADA BENDA HIDUP & ADA BENDA BUKAN HIDUP

 

              BENDA HIDUP   

BENDA BUKAN HIDUP

APAKAH BENDA HIDUP
DAN
BENDA BUKAN HIDUP
YANG ANDA FAHAMI?

 

Cikgu, Arnab ialah benda hidup!

 

Gajah juga benda hidup~!

Rumah ialah benda bukan hidup~!



THE FIRST MOTORBIKES

THE FIRST MOTORBIKES

      

     In 1855, the German car maker Gottlieb Daimler built the first motorcycle by fixing an engine to a bicycle frame. Today’s smallest motorcycles, called mopeds are also closely related to the bicycle. A moped engine is so small that the rider may have to pedal to help the machine up hills. By contrast, the biggest motorcycles are powerful enough to reach speeds of 260 km/h, faster than all but the fastest sports cars.

 

DESIGN OF MOTORCYCLES

        Motorcycles have frame rather like that of a bicycle. The engine, gearbox, fuel tank, saddle and other parts are all bolted to this frame. The front and rear wheels have hydraulic dampers (shock absorbers) to prevent the bike from bouncing up and down too much. The engine is connected to gearbox and turn the rear wheel, usually by means of a chain. Engines range in capacity from less than 50cc (cubic centimeters) to over 1200cc. motorcycles with an engine capacity of 50cc of less are called mopeds. Small motorcycles generally have air-cooled, two-stroke petrol engines. Larger and more expensive machines usually have four-stroke engines and may also have water cooling. The front brake, throttle, clutch and lighting controls are mounted on the handlebars. The rear brake is applied by a foot pedal. Gear changes may also be made by foot. However, many motorcycles have automatic gearboxes.

                                           

~TRANSPORT & COMMUNICATION~

ROAD TRANSPORTATION

HISTORY OF BICYCLES

EARLY BICYCLES HAD NO CHAINS

            

               Most cycles have strong but light frame made from hollow metal tubes. The air-filled tyres grip the road and ride smoothly over small bumps. A pull on the brake handles on the handlebars presses rubber brake blocks onto the metal wheel rims and slows down bicycle.

                You change gear by moving levers, which are usually on the handlebars. Low gears are for going uphill or into a strong wind. High gears are for level roads or for going downhill. Bicycle designers are always improving their design and trying new materials. Although most bicycle frames are made of steel, many sports bicycles have frames made from lightweight aluminium or titanium, or from strong plastics or carbon-fibre.

There are different types of bicycle avaiable today.

CONSTRUCTION OF THE BICYCLE

          In about 1790, Comte de Sivrac of France invented the first wooden bicycle. In 1885, English man J.K. Starley produced the safety bicycle which is the design most modern bicycles are based on. The first bicycles had a  wooden frame and wheels, iron tyres and no brakes or pedals. In 1888 John Boyd Dunlop successfully developed pneumatic tyres for bicycles that looked much like they do today. Lightweight track-racing bicycles, that BMX bikes and mountains bike were introduces in the 1970s.